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fedora updates and systemd renames
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Reese Wells
2025-10-30 22:51:53 -04:00
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active/software_virsh/virsh.md
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@@ -2,6 +2,19 @@
Virtual Machine Management
- [Virsh](#virsh)
- [Before you Begin](#before-you-begin)
- [Useful Virsh Commands](#useful-virsh-commands)
- [Virsh Networking](#virsh-networking)
- [Create a Virtual Network](#create-a-virtual-network)
- [Attach a New Virtual Network](#attach-a-new-virtual-network)
- [Set a Static IP](#set-a-static-ip)
- [Creating VMs](#creating-vms)
- [Create VM with No Graphics and use an Existing QCOW2 Disk](#create-vm-with-no-graphics-and-use-an-existing-qcow2-disk)
- [Create VM with Graphics using an ISO Installation Disk](#create-vm-with-graphics-using-an-iso-installation-disk)
- [Create VM using Host Device as Disk](#create-vm-using-host-device-as-disk)
- [Snapshots](#snapshots)
## Before you Begin
1. Add yourself to the `qemu` and `libvirt` groups: `usermod -aG libvirt,qemu ducoterra`
@@ -10,8 +23,9 @@ Virtual Machine Management
4. Allow group write access to images: `chmod 770 /var/lib/libvirt/images`
5. Allow group write access to iso: `chmod 770 /var/lib/libvirt/iso`
6. Tell virsh to connect to your root system rather than your user: `export LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_URI='qemu:///system'`
7. Export your editor so virsh knows what to use: `export EDITOR=vim`
## VM Details
## Useful Virsh Commands
```bash
# Show node info
@@ -22,37 +36,6 @@ osinfo-query os
# List all current machines
virsh list --all
```
## Creating VMs
If you have [an osbuild
image](/active/software_osbuild/image_builder.md#installing) you can run
```bash
sudo systemctl start osbuild-composer.socket
composer-cli compose list
composer-cli compose image --filename /var/lib/libvirt/images/fedora-42-test.qcow2 image-uuid
```
now to have a qcow2 available during install.
```bash
# `--location /path/to/image.iso` supplies a disk installer. (Remove `--import`)
# `--import` skips the installation process.
# `--graphics spice --video qxl --channel spicevmc` installs graphics
# `--console pty,target.type=virtio` adds a console connection
# For any command, use `virt-install --arg=?` to see all available options
virt-install \
--name fedora42-test \
--description "Test VM with Fedora42" \
--cpu host-model --vcpus sockets=1,cores=8,threads=2 \
--ram=8192 \
--os-variant=fedora41 \
--import --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/fedora-42-test.qcow2,bus=virtio \
--network bridge:virbr0 \
--graphics none \
--console pty,target.type=virtio
# Connect to console VM
virsh console fedora42-test
@@ -78,3 +61,178 @@ virsh undefine <domain>
# Remove a VM including storage
virsh undefine <domain> --remove-all-storage
```
## Virsh Networking
### Create a Virtual Network
Creating a new network will require an XML configuration file. To see the
default network's configuration, use
```bash
virsh net-dumpxml default > virbr0.xml
```
To create a dual-stack network, use the following. (Note, I generated a unique
local ipv6 address [here](https://www.unique-local-ipv6.com/)).
```xml
<network>
<name>dual-stack</name>
<forward mode="nat"/>
<domain name="dual-stack"/>
<ip address="192.168.100.1" netmask="255.255.255.0">
<dhcp>
<range start="192.168.100.2" end="192.168.100.254"/>
</dhcp>
</ip>
<ip family="ipv6" address="fd4d:58e7:17f6:1::1" prefix="64"/>
</network>
```
I've already defined this network in `active/software_virsh/dual-stack-dhcp.xml`. Install it with
```bash
# Define and autostart the network
virsh net-define active/software_virsh/dual-stack-dhcp.xml
virsh net-start dual-stack-dhcp
virsh net-autostart dual-stack-dhcp
# List networks to ensure it created
virsh net-list --all
# Get the UUID of the created network
virsh net-uuid dual-stack-dhcp
```
### Attach a New Virtual Network
```bash
export VM_NAME=my_vm
virsh attach-interface \
--type bridge \
--source virbr1 \
--model virtio \
--config \
--live \
--domain ${VM_NAME}
```
### Set a Static IP
To set a static IP, run `virsh net-edit default` and add the following between `<dhcp>` and `</dhcp>`
```xml
<host mac='xx:xx:0x:xx:xx:1x' name='virtual_machine' ip='1xx.1xx.1xx.xx'/>
```
Then run
```bash
# `--location /path/to/image.iso` supplies a disk installer. (Remove `--import`)
# `--import` skips the installation process.
# `--graphics spice --video qxl --channel spicevmc` installs graphics
# `--console pty,target.type=virtio` adds a console connection
# For any command, use `virt-install --arg=?` to see all available options
virsh net-destroy default
virsh net-start default
virsh shutdown virtual_machine
systemctl restart libvirtd
virsh start virtual_machine
```
## Creating VMs
If you have [an osbuild
image](/active/software_osbuild/image_builder.md#installing) you can run the
following to generate a qcow2 disk image. Then you can [create a VM with an
existing qcow2
disk](#create-vm-with-no-graphics-and-use-an-existing-qcow2-disk) and skip the
installation process altogether.
```bash
sudo systemctl start osbuild-composer.socket
composer-cli compose list
composer-cli compose image --filename /var/lib/libvirt/images/fedora-42-test.qcow2 image-uuid
```
### Create VM with No Graphics and use an Existing QCOW2 Disk
```bash
# Start the default network if it isn't already
virsh net-start --network default
# `--location /path/to/image.iso` supplies a disk installer. (Remove `--import`)
# `--import` skips the installation process.
# `--graphics spice --video qxl --channel spicevmc` installs graphics
# `--console pty,target.type=virtio` adds a console connection
# For any command, use `virt-install --arg=?` to see all available options
export VM_NAME="fedora42-test"
export VM_DESCRIPTION="Test VM with Fedora42"
export VM_DISK_PATH="/var/lib/libvirt/images/fedora-42-test.qcow2"
virt-install \
--name "${VM_NAME}" \
--description "${DESCRIPTION}" \
--boot uefi,firmware.feature0.name=secure-boot,firmware.feature0.enabled=no \
--cpu host-passthrough --vcpus sockets=1,cores=8,threads=2 \
--ram=8192 \
--os-variant=fedora41 \
--network bridge:virbr0 \
--graphics none \
--console pty,target.type=virtio \
--import --disk "path=${VM_DISK_PATH},bus=virtio"
```
### Create VM with Graphics using an ISO Installation Disk
```bash
# `--cdrom /path/to/image.iso` supplies a disk installer. (Remove `--import`)
# `--import` skips the installation process.
# `--graphics spice --video qxl --channel spicevmc` installs graphics
# `--console pty,target.type=virtio` adds a console connection
# For any command, use `virt-install --arg=?` to see all available options
export VM_NAME="fedora43-kinoite-test"
export VM_DESCRIPTION="Test VM with Fedora43 Kinoite"
export VM_DISK_PATH="/var/lib/libvirt/images/fedora-43-kinoite.qcow2"
export VM_ISO_PATH="/var/lib/libvirt/iso/Fedora-Kinoite-ostree-x86_64-43-1.6.iso"
virt-install \
--name "${VM_NAME}" \
--description "${DESCRIPTION}" \
--boot uefi,firmware.feature0.name=secure-boot,firmware.feature0.enabled=no \
--cpu host-passthrough --vcpus sockets=1,cores=8,threads=2 \
--ram=8192 \
--os-variant=fedora41 \
--network bridge:virbr0 \
--graphics spice --video qxl --channel spicevmc \
--cdrom ${VM_ISO_PATH} \
--disk "path=${VM_DISK_PATH},size=64,bus=virtio,format=qcow2"
```
### Create VM using Host Device as Disk
```bash
# `--cdrom /path/to/image.iso` supplies a disk installer. (Remove `--import`)
# `--import` skips the installation process.
# `--graphics spice --video qxl --channel spicevmc` installs graphics
# `--console pty,target.type=virtio` adds a console connection
# `--hostdev 0x1234:0x5678` adds a block storage device
# For any command, use `virt-install --arg=?` to see all available options
export VM_NAME="usb-linux"
export VM_DESCRIPTION="Linux running 0x13fe:0x6500 as the boot drive"
virt-install \
--name "${VM_NAME}" \
--description "${DESCRIPTION}" \
--boot uefi,firmware.feature0.name=secure-boot,firmware.feature0.enabled=no \
--import \
--cpu host-passthrough --vcpus sockets=1,cores=8,threads=2 \
--ram=8192 \
--os-variant=fedora41 \
--network bridge:virbr0 \
--graphics spice --video qxl --channel spicevmc \
--hostdev 0x13fe:0x6500,boot.order=1 \
--disk none
```
## Snapshots
See [qemu qcow2 snapshots](/active/software_qemu/qemu.md#qcow2-snapshots)