// Undercooked — the single render loop (phase 07 task 03).
//
// One `requestAnimationFrame` loop per page — the single-owner rule:
// exactly one loop instance exists (the composition root, `main.js`,
// creates it), and it is the only thing that samples the buffer,
// calls the renderer and updates the HUD
// (`sample → render → hud.update` per frame, docs/CLIENT.md "The
// render loop"). No screen, no module, no test spawns a second loop:
// two owners of the clock is how the frame-time accounting goes wrong.
//
// The loop's lifecycle:
//
// * **paused when `document.hidden`** — the rAF chain stops entirely
//   (a pending frame that finds `hidden` renders nothing and does not
//   reschedule; the `visibilitychange` back to visible restarts it).
//   The delta spanning the pause is *dropped*, not measured, so a
//   resume cannot pollute the p50/p95 window.
// * **idle when the screen is not `PLAYING`** — `active()` is the
//   composition's predicate (the screen's name); a non-active frame
//   renders nothing but keeps the chain alive, so the loop resumes on
//   the very next frame after the screen turns `PLAYING` (no event
//   needed).
// * **`?freeze=1`** — the composition's business (it holds the *sample
//   time* at the first playing frame); the loop itself just renders
//   whatever `render(nowMs)` asks for, so a frozen render is a still
//   image without the loop pausing.
//
// Self-measured: every rendered frame's time (the `now` deltas) lands
// in a sliding 120-sample window; `frameStats()` reports `frames`,
// `running`, `hidden`, `p50` / `p95` (the `frameMs` the spec wants on
// `window.__uc`) and `max`. The window resets on `start()`.

export function createRenderLoop({
  active = () => true,
  render = null,
  now = null,
  raf = null,
  unraf = null,
  owner = null,
} = {}) {
  const clock = typeof now === "function" ? now : () => performance.now();
  const schedule = typeof raf === "function" ? raf : (fn) => requestAnimationFrame(fn);
  const cancel = typeof unraf === "function" ? unraf : (id) => cancelAnimationFrame(id);
  const visOwner = owner !== null ? owner : typeof document !== "undefined" ? document : null;

  let running = false;
  let scheduled = null;
  let hidden = visOwner !== null ? Boolean(visOwner.hidden) : false;
  let frames = 0;
  let lastNow = null;
  let pausedAt = null; // the pause boundary (the resume's delta drops)
  const sampleWindow = 120;
  const deltas = [];

  const onVisibilityChange = () => {
    const wasHidden = hidden;
    hidden = visOwner !== null ? Boolean(visOwner.hidden) : false;
    if (hidden && !wasHidden) pausedAt = clock(); // mark the pause
    if (running && !hidden && scheduled === null) scheduleFrame(); // resume
  };

  function frame() {
    scheduled = null;
    if (!running || hidden) return; // stopped or paused: wait for a resume
    const t = clock();
    if (active()) {
      if (lastNow !== null) {
        const dt = t - lastNow;
        const resumed = pausedAt !== null; // a pause just ended
        pausedAt = null; // consumed once, by the first resumed frame
        if (!resumed) {
          deltas.push(dt);
          if (deltas.length > sampleWindow) deltas.shift();
        }
      }
      lastNow = t;
      frames += 1;
      if (typeof render === "function") render(t);
      if (running && !hidden) scheduleFrame();
    } else {
      // Idle (the screen is not PLAYING): keep the chain alive so the
      // active() flip is picked up on the next frame; a fresh round
      // starts with a fresh delta, and a pending pause boundary cannot
      // survive an idle period (it would drop a real delta later).
      pausedAt = null;
      lastNow = null;
      scheduleFrame();
    }
  }

  function scheduleFrame() {
    scheduled = schedule(frame);
  }

  function start() {
    if (running) return;
    running = true;
    frames = 0;
    lastNow = null;
    pausedAt = null;
    deltas.length = 0;
    if (visOwner !== null) {
      visOwner.addEventListener("visibilitychange", onVisibilityChange);
    }
    if (!hidden) scheduleFrame();
  }

  function stop() {
    if (!running) return;
    running = false;
    if (scheduled !== null) {
      cancel(scheduled);
      scheduled = null;
    }
    if (visOwner !== null) {
      visOwner.removeEventListener("visibilitychange", onVisibilityChange);
    }
  }

  /** The self-measured frame census (the `frameMs` p50/p95 on `window.__uc`). */
  function frameStats() {
    const sorted = [...deltas].sort((a, b) => a - b);
    const quantile = (q) =>
      sorted.length === 0
        ? 0
        : sorted[Math.min(sorted.length - 1, Math.ceil(q * sorted.length) - 1)];
    return {
      frames,
      running,
      hidden,
      p50: quantile(0.5),
      p95: quantile(0.95),
      max: sorted.length === 0 ? 0 : sorted[sorted.length - 1],
    };
  }

  return {
    start,
    stop,
    frameStats,
    isRunning: () => running,
    isHidden: () => hidden,
  };
}